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Setup_PXE_Env_on_Host.4All

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This is a guide to setup a PXE environment on host machine.

Introduction

PXE boot depends on DHCP, TFTP and NFS services. So before verifing PXE, you need to setup a working DHCP, TFTP, NFS server on one of your host machine in local network. In this case, my host OS is Ubuntu 12.04.

Setup DHCP server on Ubuntu</a

Refer to https://help.ubuntu.com/community/isc-dhcp-server . For a simplified direction, try these steps:

  • Install DHCP server package

    sudo apt-get install -y isc-dhcp-server syslinux

  • Edit /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf to suit your needs and particular configuration.
    Make sure filename is consistent with the file in tftp root directory.
    Here is an example: This will enable board to load “grubaa64.efi” from TFTP root to target board and run it, when you boot from PXE in UEFI Boot Menu. 

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    $ cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
    # Sample /etc/dhcpd.conf
    # (add your comments here)
    default-lease-time 600;
    max-lease-time 7200;
    subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        range 192.168.1.210 192.168.1.250;
        option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
        option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1;
        option routers 192.168.1.1;
        option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
        option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;
        # Change the filename according to your real local environment and target board type.
        # And make sure the file has been put in tftp root directory.
        # grubaa64.efi is for ARM64 architecture.
        # grubarm32.efi is for ARM32 architecture.
        filename "grubaa64.efi";
        #filename "grubarm32.efi";
        #next-server 192.168.1.107
    }
    #

  • Edit /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server to specify the interfaces dhcpd should listen to. By default it listens to eth0.
    INTERFACES=””

  • Use these commands to start and check DHCP service
    sudo service isc-dhcp-server restart
    Check status with netstat -lu
    Expected output: 

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    Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State
    udp        0      0 *:bootpc                *:*

Setup TFTP server on Ubuntu

  • Install TFTP server and TFTP client(optional, tftp-hpa is the client package)

    sudo apt-get install -y openbsd-inetd tftpd-hpa tftp-hpa lftp

  • Edit /etc/inetd.conf

    Remove “#” from the beginning of tftp line or add if it’s not there under “#:BOOT:” comment as follow.
    tftp dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/in.tftpd /usr/sbin/in.tftpd -s /var/lib/tftpboot

  • Enable boot service for inetd
    sudo update-inetd --enable BOOT

  • Configure the TFTP server, update /etc/default/tftpd-hpa like follows:

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    TFTP_USERNAME="tftp"
    TFTP_ADDRESS="0.0.0.0:69"
    TFTP_DIRECTORY="/var/lib/tftpboot"
    TFTP_OPTIONS="-l -c -s"

  • Set up TFTP server directory

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    sudo mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot
    sudo chmod -R 777 /var/lib/tftpboot/

  • Restart inet & TFTP server

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    sudo service openbsd-inetd restart
    sudo service tftpd-hpa restart

    Check status with netstat -lu
    Expected output:

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    Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State
    udp        0      0 *:tftp                  *:*

Put files in the TFTP root path

Put the corresponding files into TFTP root directory, they are: grub binary file, grub configure file, kernel Image and dtb file.
In my case, they are grubaa64.efi, Image_D02 and grub.cfg-01-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx, hip05-d02.dtb.

Note:

  1. The name of grub binary “grubaa64.efi” or “grubarm32.efi” must be as same as the DHCP configure file in /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf.
  2. The grub configure file’s name must comply with a special format, e.g. grub.cfg-01-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx, it starts with “grub.cfg-01-“ and ends with board’s MAC address.
  3. The grub binary and grub.cfg-01-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx files must be placed in the TFTP root directory.
  4. The names and positions of kernel image and dtb must be consistent with the corresponding grub config file.

To get and config grub and grub config files, please refer to Grub_Manual.md.
To get kernel and dtb file, please refer to Readme.md.

Setup NFS server on Ubuntu

  • Install NFS server package
    sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server nfs-common portmap

  • Modify configure file /etc/exports for NFS server
    Add following contents at the end of this file.
    *(rw,sync,no_root_squash)
    Note: </rootnfs> is your real shared directory of rootfs of distributions for NFS server.

  • Uncompress a distribution to </rootnfs>
    To get them, please refer to Distributions_Guider.md

  • Restart NFS service
    sudo service nfs-kernel-server restart

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